The crests or summits of the largest of these yardangs are rounded or flat all others are narrow. Lying parallel to the prevailing north-north-west winds, the yardangs are separated by troughs measuring 330 feet (100 meters) or more. Rising up to 282 feet (80 meters), these streamlined ridges have been carved by the wind out of the silty clay and sand lining the desert floor. In the western part of Dasht-e Lut lie some of the world’s most prominent yardangs. Iran is famous for mega yardangs in Shahdad, Kerman, where thousands of tourists visit every year. Over time, the sand wears down the surface into beautiful streamlined shapes that are aligned with the prevailing sand-moving winds. On Earth they are most commonly found in deserts where there is a sand supply, which abrades the surface when moved by the wind, and soft sedimentary rocks that the sand easily erodes. The word is derived from the Turkic word yar, which means ridge or steep bank. The previous record happened in 1992 and belonged to Libya with 56 degrees.A yardang (Kalout) is a topographical feature that has been carved out of a surface by the wind. At times, this phenomenon forms long sand hills of 40m high. The major part of Dasht-e-Kavir is covered with sand and pebbles and exposed to strong winds and storms that set salt-combined sand in motion like sea waves. The minimum altitude of this desert is 400 m ASL. In addition, the highest temperature ever recorded on earth is 70.7 Celsius degrees and belongs to the Lut desert. Dasht-e-Kavir is a geological pit almost at the north of Kavir-e-Lut. Lut desert is considered the hottest place on earth based on the satellite pictures taken in 2004, 2005,2006,2007,20. The richest vegetation seen in the desert is in the southern part of Lut desert. Northern Lut is covered by grit and sand and central Lut includes gigantic hills and sand dunes which make it the most amazing part of the desert. These parts are known as the northern, southern and central Lut. Dasht-e Lut is divided into three parts based on type of terrain and geographical distribution of each area. This vast desert includes the tallest sand pyramids in the world with some being almost 480 meters. Lut desert includes parts of Khorasan, Sistan and Baluchestan and Kerman provinces. The Lut Desert is also The world’s 25th largest desert, with an area of 51,800km. Located in the southeastern part of Iran and northeast of Kerman Province, Lut desert includes one of the hottest areas on earth. In addition, Namak Lake and Sargardan Island are some of the other amazing attractions of the Maranjab desert. The magnificent sand dunes and stunning Haloxylon jungles have made Maranjab desert one of the most beautiful desert areas in Iran. In addition, last year a pair of cheetahs was spotted in this area. Some of the animal species found in this area are Rueppell’s foxes, sand cats, Monitor lizards and various types of other lizards, snakes, scorpions and eagles. The wildlife of this area is also diverse due to the abundance of food and water. The majority of the plants found in this area are salt-tolerant species such as Tamarisk and Haloxylon. The major part of this desert is covered in sand dunes and sandy areas and the vegetation is rich. Safety, balance, various attractions and variety of wildlife have made Maranjab a suitable place for tourism and investment and attract many visitors yearly. The average elevation of this desert is 850 meters higher than the sea level. Maranjab desert is located north of “Aran o Bidgol ” city in Isfahan province. Located south of Dasht-e Kavir and in Isfahan province, Takht-e Aroos enchants every visitor with its beauty. Takht-e Aroos and Takht-e Abbasi are some of the most beautiful Mesas in this area. The erosion due to severe winds blowing in this area has flattened the peak of these hills over time, creating the fascinating phenomenon seen today. Mesa is a geological term for spots in the desert that are higher than the surrounding area with the peak being flat. The Mesas in Dasht-e Kavir are among the most unique attractions of this vast desert. The annual precipitation in the central desert is between 2 to 5 mm. During the cold seasons, the temperature is between 13 and 17 in the morning and between -7 and 0 at night. This temperature variation causes the rocks to crush. As a result, crossing the desert without prior research and thorough study of the wet season isn’t recommended.ĭuring summer the temperature is around 60 degrees at noon and between 30 and 25 degrees at night. However the major part of Dasht-e Kavir is devoid of plant life and the ground is low, causing dreadful swamps after small amounts of rainfall. Various animal species such as gazelles, Pseudocerastes, Cheetahs, Rueppell’s foxes, Caracals, Sand cats, Persian Onager and Golden Eagles can be seen in this desert area. Among the significant plant species of this region Alhagi, Acantholimon, Atraphaxis, Haloxylon,Tamarisk are mentionable.
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